個(gè)人信息復(fù)制權(quán)的實(shí)踐檢視與理論完善*
——基于52個(gè)APP復(fù)制權(quán)行使實(shí)驗(yàn)的考察
網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全與數(shù)據(jù)治理 7期
郭小偉
（吉林大學(xué)理論法學(xué)研究中心，吉林長(zhǎng)春130012）
摘要： 當(dāng)前，不管是在學(xué)術(shù)研究中還是在實(shí)踐應(yīng)用中，個(gè)人信息復(fù)制權(quán)都陷入了困頓和顰蹙的局面。為此，必須對(duì)其進(jìn)行語(yǔ)義分析以了解其基本內(nèi)涵，并從其與相近權(quán)利諸如查閱權(quán)、可攜帶權(quán)的比較當(dāng)中進(jìn)一步明確其外延。個(gè)人信息復(fù)制權(quán)的確立對(duì)于維護(hù)個(gè)人信息權(quán)益具有重大價(jià)值和關(guān)鍵作用，而對(duì)個(gè)人信息復(fù)制權(quán)的權(quán)利主體、權(quán)利客體、行使程序、行使限制和侵權(quán)責(zé)任的明晰，則有助于指引信息主體的行為、促進(jìn)信息處理者的合規(guī)、保障司法適用的展開。以52款A(yù)PP的隱私政策為考察對(duì)象，文本中的個(gè)人信息復(fù)制權(quán)存在缺位、迷失、簡(jiǎn)約、差異和限制五個(gè)現(xiàn)象。以特定APP的復(fù)制權(quán)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果為樣本，實(shí)踐中的個(gè)人信息復(fù)制權(quán)則呈現(xiàn)出異化、限制、萎縮、雜亂和迅速五個(gè)特點(diǎn)。基于此，個(gè)人信息復(fù)制權(quán)在理論層面、文本層面和實(shí)踐層面之間的張力、背離和矛盾進(jìn)一步揭示：明確客體范圍、厘定權(quán)利邊界、完善救濟(jì)程序已經(jīng)成為個(gè)人信息復(fù)制權(quán)發(fā)展完善的應(yīng)有之義和必要之舉。
中圖分類號(hào)：D92
文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼：A
DOI:10.19358/j.issn.2097-1788.2023.07.004
引用格式：郭小偉.個(gè)人信息復(fù)制權(quán)的實(shí)踐檢視與理論完善［J］.網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全與數(shù)據(jù)治理，2023，42（7）：23-30.
文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼：A
DOI:10.19358/j.issn.2097-1788.2023.07.004
引用格式：郭小偉.個(gè)人信息復(fù)制權(quán)的實(shí)踐檢視與理論完善［J］.網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全與數(shù)據(jù)治理，2023，42（7）：23-30.
Practical inspection and theoretical perfection of personal information reproduction right
Guo Xiaowei
(Jurisprudence Research Center of Jilin University, Changchun 130012,China)
Abstract： Whether in academic research or in practical application, the right to reproduce personal information is in a difficult and awkward situation. Therefore, it is necessary to make a semantic analysis to understand its basic connotation and further clarify its extension from the comparison with similar rights such as the right of inspection and the right of portability. In the dimension of personal information rights and interests, the establishment of personal information reproduction right is of great value and far-reaching significance for safeguarding the information rights and interests of information subjects. The clarity of the subject, object, procedure, restriction and tort liability of personal information right will help to guide the behavior of information subjects, promote the compliance of information processors and ensure the development of judicial application. Taking the privacy policies of 52 apps as the object of investigation, there are five phenomena in the text, such as absence, loss, simplicity, difference and restriction. Taking the experimental results of the reproduction right of specific apps as a sample, the reproduction right of personal information in practice presents five characteristics: alienation, restriction, atrophy, disorder and rapidity. Then the tension, deviation and contradiction between the right to reproduce personal information in theory, the right to reproduce personal information in text and the right to reproduce personal information in practice inspire us that it is necessary to define the object scope，the right boundary and improve the relief procedure of the right to reproduce personal information.
Key words : reproduction right; experiment of exercising rights; personal information; practice inspection
0 引言
2022年，國(guó)內(nèi)某大型電商APP用戶向法院起訴，要求該電商公司披露其所收集的個(gè)人信息并獲得二審法院的支持，拉開了《個(gè)人信息保護(hù)法》實(shí)施之后個(gè)人信息查閱復(fù)制權(quán)司法保護(hù)的帷幕。作為國(guó)內(nèi)個(gè)人信息查閱復(fù)制權(quán)保護(hù)的首案，該案不僅在司法實(shí)踐具有標(biāo)志性的意義，更在理論上推動(dòng)了復(fù)制權(quán)制度和理論的具化。
為全面梳理《個(gè)人信息保護(hù)法》實(shí)施以來(lái)個(gè)人信息復(fù)制權(quán)的實(shí)踐樣態(tài)，本文搜集并整理了52款國(guó)內(nèi)APP的隱私政策文本中有關(guān)復(fù)制權(quán)的規(guī)定，并以此規(guī)定為基礎(chǔ)在其各自APP中進(jìn)行了復(fù)制權(quán)行使實(shí)驗(yàn)和實(shí)證調(diào)研，以期揭示個(gè)人信息復(fù)制權(quán)在實(shí)踐當(dāng)中的困境和齟齬，從而為個(gè)人信息復(fù)制權(quán)的理論完善和實(shí)踐保護(hù)提供若干切實(shí)可行的建議。
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作者信息：
郭小偉
（吉林大學(xué)理論法學(xué)研究中心，吉林長(zhǎng)春130012）
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